Aeroporti e rumore aereo, cambia tutto? Quasi!

Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region

Nelle 16 delle 181 pagine dell'Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region di OMS Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità - The Regional Offce for Europe of the World Health Organization un rinnovato approccio all'intera materia è proposto nello spazio “Rationale for the guideline levels for aircraft noise”.

Una questione che dovrà, inevitabilmente, trovare spazio anche nelle procedure e normative a tutela dei cittadini abitanti e/o in transito negli spazi sottostanti alle traiettorie di decollo e atterraggio e in prossimità dei sedimi aeroportuali. Non possiamo che aspettare il conseguente aggiornamento delle leggi, norme, disposizioni, modelli matematici e procedure di Ministero per l'Ambiente, ARPA e di ENAC.

Le linee guida OMS nella sezione “Evidence on interventions” si può leggere:

“The following section summarizes the evidence underlying the recommendation on the effectiveness of interventions for aircraft noise exposure. The key question posed was: in the general population exposed to aircraft noise, are interventions effective in reducing exposure to and/or health outcomesfrom aircraft noise? A summary of the PICOS/PECCOS scheme applied and the main findings is set out in Tables 33 and 34.

Seven studies examining different types of interventions on aircraft noise met the inclusion criteria to become part of the evidence base of the systematic review. Six of these investigated infrastructure interventions (Breugelmans et al., 2007; Brink et al., 2008; Fidell et al., 2002; Hygge et al., 2002), and one assessed a path intervention (Asensio et al., 2014). The majority of studies focused on annoyance as a health outcome, but two also included effects on sleep and one investigated the effects of path interventions on cognitive development in children.

Strength of recommendation

• A strong recommendation can be adopted as policy in most situations. The guideline is based

on the confidence that the desirable effects of adherence to the recommendation outweigh the

undesirable consequences. The quality of evidence for a net beneft – combined with information

about the values, preferences and resources – inform this recommendation, which should be

implemented in most circumstances.

• A conditional recommendation requires a policy-making process with substantial debate and

involvement of various stakeholders. There is less certainty of its effcacy owing to lower quality of

evidence of a net beneft, opposing values and preferences of individuals and populations affected

or the high resource implications of the recommendation, meaning there may be circumstances

or settings in which it will not apply.

Alongside specifc recommendations, several guiding principles were developed to provide generic

advice and support for the incorporation of recommendations into a policy framework. They apply

to the implementation of all of the specifc recommendations.

Guiding principles: reduce, promote, coordinate and involve

• Reduce exposure to noise, while conserving quiet areas.

• Promote interventions to reduce exposure to noise and improve health.

• Coordinate approaches to control noise sources and other environmental health risks.

• Inform and involve communities potentially affected by a change in noise exposure.